Influence of restorative materials on occlusal and internal adaptation of CAD-CAM inlays

Aim: To evaluate the occlusal and internal marginal adaptation of inlay restorations made of different materials, using CAD-CAM. Methods: Preparations were made for MOD inlays of one-third intercuspal width and 4 mm depth in 30 third human molars. The teeth were restored using CAD-CAM materials (n=10) of nanoceramic resin (Lava Ultimate), polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (VITA ENAMIC), or lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD). The specimens were cemented with dual resin cement and sectioned at the center of the restoration, after which the two halves were evaluated, and photographed The occlusal and internal discrepancy (µm) was determined at five points: cavosurface angle of the occlusal-facial wall (CA-O); center of the facial wall (FW); faciopulpal angle (FPA); center of the pulpal wall (PW); and center of the lingual wall (LW). The data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis and the Dunn tests (α=0.05). Results: No difference was observed among the materials regarding the occlusal discrepancy at the CA-O, FPA, or PW internal points. The e.max CAD measurement at FW showed larger internal discrepancy than that of Lava (p=0.02). The internal discrepancy at LW was greater for e.max CAD than VITA ENAMIC (p=0.02). Conclusion: Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic presented greater internal discrepancy in relation to the surrounding walls of the inlay preparations

Translation and cultural adaptation of the revised foot function index for the Portuguese language: FFI-R Brazil

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The revised foot function index (FFI-R) is used to evaluate the functionality of patients with conditions that affect the feet. The objective here was to produce the Brazilian Portuguese version of this index. DESIGN AND SETTING: Translation and validation study conducted at the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The translation and cultural adaptation process involved translation by two independent translators, analysis by an expert committee, back translation into the original language, analysis by the expert committee again and a pretest. The Portuguese-language version was administered to 35 individuals with plantar fasciitis and metatarsalgia to determine their level of understanding of the assessment tool. RESULTS: Changes were made to the terms and expressions of some original items to achieve cultural equivalence. Terms not understood by more than 10% of the sample were altered based on the suggestions of the patients themselves. CONCLUSION: The translation and cultural adaptation of the FFI-R for the Portuguese language were completed and the Brazilian version was obtained.

Perception of risk from electric and magnetic fields: Stress effects and psychological aspects / Percepção de risco de campos elétricos e magnéticos: efeitos do estresse e outros aspectos psicológicos

The present study aimed to investigate the perception of risk in the Brazilian population related to electric and magnetic fields. Six hundred adults were recruited from the surrounding communities. Three hundred of them lived in large cities and an equal number lived in small towns. A short questionnaire was constructed to assess risk perception, trust in government to control risk exposure, level of comfort with exposure to extra-low-frequency electromagnetic fields, measures perceived as necessary to reduce emotional discomfort, and trust in the regulatory agencies. The Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults was applied to assess stress levels. Findings indicate that the majority of the participants in this study did not trust the Government to provide protective measures from exposure to electric and magnetic fields, did not trust the regulatory agencies, felt that there is no adequate risk control and thought about it frequently, and some felt that line installations were being performed in excess and that this should be stopped. Results endorse the need for risk education and indicate that risk perception and feelings should be considered before starting new line installations. Risk communication should incorporate knowledge regarding social cognition since a large proportion of the people were concerned about electric and magnetic fields. Lack of communication can lead to a rejection of necessary transmission line installation, and to unnecessary or exaggerated fear...

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a percepção de risco relacionada a campos eletromagnéticos de baixa frequência na população brasileira. Participaram seiscentos adultos, sendo metade constituída por habitantes de cidades grandes e a outra metade por habitantes de cidades pequenas. Um breve questionário foi utilizado para avaliar: (1) percepção de risco associada aos campos eletromagnéticos; (2) confiança no governo para proteger o povo do risco de exposição; (3) nível de conforto emocional frente à exposição às linhas de transmissão elétrica; (4) medidas percebidas como capazes de reduzir desconforto emocional; e (5) confiança nas concessionárias. Adicionalmente, foi aplicado o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp, com o intuito de identificar o nível de estresse dos respondentes. Os dados indicaram que a maioria dos participantes (51,59%) deste estudo não confia que o governo tome as medidas necessárias para controlar os riscos; 28,05% não confiam nas concessionárias quanto ao controle de exposição excessiva; 33,0% sentem que não há um controle adequado do risco; e 17,00% pensam que a instalação de linhas de transmissão é excessiva, devendo-se parar com sua colocação. Os dados mostram a necessidade de se implementar um programa de educação quanto aos riscos reais, que leve em consideração o modo de pensar e sentir do povo brasileiro, antes de se instalar novas linhas de transmissão. A falta de comunicação pode levar o povo a rejeitar a instalação de linhas de transmissão necessárias e criar um medo desproporcional quanto a este assunto...

Estudo de caso: treino cognitivo de controle da raiva em paciente com hipertensão leve / Case study: anger management training of a hypertensive patient

O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar o estudo de caso de um participante do grupo de Treino Cognitivo de Controle da Raiva desenvolvido por Lipp. Foi testada a hipótese de que o TCCR reduziria o stress das relações interpessoais e também a reatividade cardiovascular durante momentos de stress. Instrumentos utilizados: Inventário de Expressão de Raiva Traço e Estado - STAXI; Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos - ISSL; monitor de pressão contínua e de frequência cardíaca - FINAPRES. Os resultados indicaram diminuição da raiva estado e traço, temperamento e reação, raiva para fora, controle e expressão da raiva; diminuição do percentual de stress e pressão arterial apresentados pelo participante durante as sessões experimentais; diminuição dos comportamentos de raiva e aumento dos comportamentos de ação responsável ao longo das intervenções. Conclui-se que a modificação dos comportamentos alvos do participante indica a efetividade do TCCR para o controle da raiva e do stress.

The objective of the present work is to present a case study of one of the participants of the Anger Management Training program developed by Lipp. The hypothesis tested was that anger management training would reduce interpersonal stress as well as cardiovascular reactivity during moments of stress. The psychological evaluation used the State-Trait Anger Inventory and the Lipp Stress Symptom Inventory. Finger blood pressure and heart rate were monitored continuously during the laboratory session using the Finapress methodology. Results indicated a significant decrease in several of the anger sub-scales, such as state, trait, temperament, reaction, anger-out, control and expression of anger. They also showed decreases in stress levels and blood pressure reactivity during the experimental sessions. Analyses of the transcript of the anger management sessions revealed a decrease in anger behavior and an increase in appropriate actions. It was concluded that the changes in target behavior shown by the participant indicate the effectiveness of the training in reducing stress and anger.